Gastritis vs. Ulcer: Stomach Inflammation vs. Open Sore

Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining without tissue loss. A peptic ulcer is a deeper erosion that breaks through the mucosal layer. Both are often caused by H. pylori infection or NSAID use, but ulcers carry a risk of serious complications like bleeding and perforation.

Key Differences at a Glance

Pathology
Gastritis
Surface inflammation of stomach lining
Peptic Ulcer
Open sore that penetrates through the mucosa
Pain Pattern
Gastritis
Diffuse burning, may worsen or improve with food
Peptic Ulcer
Localized pain; duodenal ulcers hurt when stomach is empty
Complications
Gastritis
Rarely serious on its own
Peptic Ulcer
Bleeding, perforation, obstruction — can be life-threatening

Shared Symptoms

  • Upper abdominal pain
  • Nausea
  • Bloating
  • Loss of appetite

Unique Indicators

ONLY Gastritis
  • Diffuse upper stomach discomfort
  • Feeling full quickly
ONLY Peptic Ulcer
  • Night-time pain that wakes from sleep
  • Pain relieved (then returned) by eating
  • Vomiting blood or coffee-ground material
  • Black tarry stools

Professional Diagnosis

Both may require upper endoscopy for definitive diagnosis. H. pylori testing (breath test, stool antigen, or biopsy) is important for both conditions.

Treatment for Gastritis

Proton pump inhibitors to reduce acid, H. pylori eradication if positive, avoiding NSAIDs and alcohol, and dietary modifications.

Treatment for Peptic Ulcer

PPI therapy for 4-8 weeks, H. pylori eradication (triple or quadruple therapy), stopping NSAIDs, and endoscopic intervention for bleeding ulcers.

When to See a Doctor

Seek immediate care for vomiting blood, black tarry stools, sudden severe abdominal pain (possible perforation), or fainting. See a doctor for persistent stomach pain lasting more than 2 weeks.

Not sure which one you have?

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Medically Reviewed for Accuracy

Medical Advisory Board
Last reviewed: March 20, 2026

Content is aligned with established clinical guidelines from authoritative medical institutions, including MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine), the CDC, the NIH, and the NHS. All content is reviewed by our medical advisory board for accuracy and safety.